State of Black Immigrants 2016

the state of black immigraNTS

Presented by the Black Alliance for Just Immigration (BAJI)

and the New York University School of Law Immigrant Rights Clinic

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Black immigrants are one of the fastest growing demographics in the United States. Nonetheless, this group remains a novelty in the broader immigration discourse. This report aims to elevate the conditions facing Black immigrants in the United States, drawing particular attention to their experience in the criminal law and immigration systems. This report argues that like African-Americans, Black immigrants experience disparate, often negative, outcomes within various social and economic structures in the United States, including the country’s mass criminalization and immigration enforcement regimes.

Black immigrants are much more likely than nationals from other regions to be deported due to a criminal conviction.

More than one out of every five noncitizens facing deportation on criminal grounds before the Executive Office for Immigration Review is Black.

SIERRA LEONE

BARBADOS

HAITI

HONDURAS

NIGERIA

GHANA

NARRATIVE: A SYSTEM OF CRIMINALIZATION

Black people are far more likely than any other population to be arrested, convicted and imprisoned in the U.S. criminal enforcement system—the system upon which immigration enforcement increasingly relies.

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part i

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A Statistical Portrait of

Black Immigrants in the United States

Black Immigrants in the

Mass Criminalization System

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Immigrants are exposed to more risks and vulnerability when they are stopped by the police for minor offenses, such as broken taillights and traffic violations.

STOPS

When the police decide to take on the duties of federal immigration enforcement, they often use these stops to question people about their immigration status and to turn immigrants over to ICE.

QUESTIONING

When an individual is arrested, his or her fingerprints are sent to the FBI. Through the Priority Enforcement Program (PEP), state and local law enforcement share data with immigration enforcement.

ARRESTS

Immigrants are particularly vulnerable to guilty pleas that later lead to removal proceedings. A criminal conviction could trigger detention, deportation and ineligibility to reenter the U.S.

CONVICTION

THE STATE OF BLACK IMMIGRANTS